Abstract Background Musca domestica is the most common flies all over the world.More than 100 pathogens may cause diseases in human and animals.Houseflies transmitted helminthic eggs, protozoa cysts and trophozoites, bacteria fungi, and virus by mechanical transmission through its vomits or excreta.Musca domestica lives closely with humans and dome
Summary: The interleukin (IL)-22 cytokine can be protective or inflammatory in the intestine.It is unclear if IL-22 receptor (IL-22Ra1)-mediated protection involves a specific type of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC).By using a range of IEC type-specific Il22Ra1 conditional knockout mice and a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis model, we demonstr
Film thickness is the most important parameter of a lubricated contact.Its evaluation in a cam-follower contact is not easy due to the continuous variations of speed, load and geometry during the camshaft rotation.In this work, experimental apparatus with a system for film thickness and shape estimation using optical interferometry, is described.Th
This note provides a simple sufficient condition ensuring that solutions of stochastic delay differential equations (SDDEs) driven by subordinators are nonnegative.While, to the best of our knowledge, no simple nonnegativity conditions are available read more in the context of SDDEs, we compare our result to the literature within the subclass of in
Abstract Cooperative breeding may be selected for in animals when, on average, it confers greater benefits than solitary breeding.In a number of eusocial insects (i.e., crystal beaded candle holder ants, bees, wasps, and termites), queens join together to co-create new nests, a phenomenon known as colony co-founding.It has been hypothesised that co